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Jesse Collings
Jesse Collings (2 December 1831 – 20 November 1920) was Mayor of Birmingham, England, a Liberal (later Liberal Unionist) member of Parliament, but was best known nationally in the UK as an advocate of educational reform and land reform.〔Ashby, A. W. (2004) 'Jesse Collings', ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', revised by Matthew, H. C. G. , pp. 668–9, Vol. 12, Oxford: Oxford University Press〕
==Background==
Collings was the youngest son of Thomas Collings, Littleham-cum-Exmouth, Devon, and Annie Palmer.〔 His father was a bricklayer, who later established a small building firm. He was educated at a Dame School and for a time at Church House School, Stoke, Plymouth.〔 He started work as a shop assistant aged 15 years, later becoming a clerk and a traveller for an ironmongery firm. In 1850, he started working for Booth and Company, a firm of ironmongers in Birmingham; in 1864 he became a partner in the renamed business, ''Collings and Wallis''. In 1879, he retired from the partnership.〔 Jesse Collings came under the influence of George Dawson and worshipped in the Unitarian Church of the Saviour in Birmingham along with other prominent families.〔Marsh, P. (1994) ''Joseph Chamberlain: Entrepreneur in Politics'', New Haven, Mass: Yale University Press〕
In 1858 he married Emily Oxenbould, the daughter of a master at King Edward's Grammar School, Birmingham. They had one daughter.〔
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